Período 2 :" ¿Por qué pueden los robots con sensores ser útiles en el futuro?"

Competencias del área:

·         Tengo en cuenta principios de funcionamiento y criterios de selección para la utilización eficiente y  segura de artefactos, productos, servicios, procesos y sistemas tecnológicos de mi entorno.

Componentes:

• ·         Circuitos eléctricos.
• ·         Robótica (robot seguidor de luz).

Niveles de desempeño:

• ·         Identifica los componentes de los circuitos eléctricos, los diferencia y nombra sus funciones.
• 
  
• ·         Presenta un modelo de circuito que permita solucionar problemas cotidianos.
• ·         Propone algoritmos que permitan desarrollar un modelo robótico, seguidor de luz, con el objetivo de promover cambios e innovación.

Periodo 1 :“¿Por qué se cree que la programación es necesaria para las carreras universitarias a futuro?”

Competencias del área

1. Resuelvo problemas tecnológicos y evaluó las soluciones teniendo en cuenta las condiciones, restricciones y especificaciones del problema planteado.

Competencias ciudadanas.

       1. Identifico prejuicios, estereotipos y emociones que me dificultan sentir empatía por algunas personas o grupos y exploro caminos para superarlos.

       2.  Contribuyo a que los conflictos entre personas y entre grupos se manejen de manera pacífica y constructiva mediante la aplicación de estrategias basadas en el dialogo y la negociación.

Competencias laborales.

       
1.Identificar, ubicar, organizar, controlar y utilizar en forma racional y eficiente los recursos disponibles, en la realización de proyectos y actividades.
 

Componentes.

1.       Programación.
2.       Ciclos (para y mientras).
3.       Vectores y matrices.

Niveles de desempeño. 

1.       Identifica los comandos e interpreta los procedimientos que requiere para realizar un algoritmo que cumpla con las exigencias planteadas.

2.       Argumenta la necesidad de utilizar ciclos en la creación de programas que cumplan con los estándares de calidad solicitados.

3.       Analiza algoritmos creados previamente con el fin de identificar errores y proponer alternativas de solución.  

 

Hydraulics

1. How does hydraulics works?

-It works from the air pressure caused by the flow of fluids from one containment to another with no pressure resistance. 

2.What causes the pressure in the water containment?

- The flow of the fluid from a big containment throw a smaller hole and the increase of the velocity.

3.Name 4 examples show in the video?

-Breaking systemn.

-Steering wheel.

-Hood of the car.

-Guns

4. Explain 3 places, objects, processes that  you see it and how it happens.

-The air pressure of the bus systemn makes the wheel stop.

-Steering wheel: The liquid flows and that's what makes the steering wheel move, when it get to it's limit the steering wheel moves to it's inicial state.

- For the minery they put the air on the limit and makes the water "explotes" to found the minerals. 

Activity

1.  What is the DIAN?
2. How did it start? When?
3. What are DIAN'S assets?
4. Why does DIAN exist?
5. Who is DIAN'S legal representative?
6. What are DIAN'S functions?
7. What processes does DIAN follow?
8. What are the processes?
9. What are taxes?
10.What are tributes? 

1. It's the special administrative unit of the government of Colombia, in spanish the acronym refers to "Dirección de impuestos  y Aduanas nacionales". It is in charge of ensure fiscal security of the State, acting on everything related to tax obligations, customs operations, foreign exchange and foreign trade.  In short, it ensures that taxes on all these operationes are completed on the basis of relevant legal requirements and procedures established. 

2. It started in June 1st of 1993, with the fusion between the former Tax office DIN with the former customs office DAN.

3. DIAN'S assets are those it holds today, and those which it may acquire or have assigned to it in the future, on any title. 

4.Exists to help to ensure the fiscal security of Colombia, and the protection of national economic public order, through the administration and control of compliance with tax, customs and exchange regulations, and the facilitation of foreign trade operations, on conditions of equity, transparency and legality. 

5. The Director-General. He is allowed to delegate some of his duties, within certain legal restricions. He is apointed by the President of the Republic. 

6. DIAN administers income and related taxes, stamp tax, and sales tax (IVA), it also administers cutoms duties and other national-order internal taxes that are not within the competency of other stage agencies, including internal taxes on foreign trade; and management and administration of the Customs system. 

Dian is responsible for the control and supervision of compliance with the exchange regime in the import or export of goods and services, and related expenses, foreign currency financing if imports and exports, and under-and-over invoicing of these operations.

The management and administration of the Customs system includes services and support  for foreign trade operations, and the seizure or delaration of abandonment of goods to the State, and their subsequent administration, control and disposal; and the administration and control of special import-export systems, free zones, special export zones, and the international trading companies (CI), following policies set by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Tourism, except of contracts relating to free zones.

7. Has the following kind of process: strategic, mission-related, support, and evaluation.

8. Strategic processes
Corporate intelligence

Mission-related processes
Customer assistance
Collection
Marketing
Inspection and assessment
Legal procedures
Customs operation
Administration of receivables
Mass management

Support processes
Human resources management
Physical resources
Financial resources
Systems services

Evaluation processes
Disciplinary investigation
Internal controls
Office of the Defender

9.  Taxes are special kinds of fees or charges that the government requires people to pay in order to live and work in their state or country. The government needs money to operate, and taxes are a way for it to get this money. This money goes to fund many different types of programs.

10. Payment made periodically by one state to another, especially as sign of dependence.